Crosswind Component Calculator
Break the reported wind into crosswind and headwind components for your runway — the numbers that decide if you can land.
How it works
Angle = wind direction − runway heading · Crosswind = wind × sin(angle) · Head/tailwind = wind × cos(angle)
The reported wind is a vector, and the runway only cares about two of its directions: along the centreline and across it. Resolving the wind with sine and cosine of the angle between them splits it into a crosswind you must correct for with rudder and aileron, and a head- or tailwind that changes your groundspeed and runway distance. A positive along-runway value is a headwind; a negative one is a tailwind, which lengthens the landing roll.
Worked example
Landing on runway heading 090° with the wind from 130° at 18 kt, the angle is 40°. Crosswind = 18 × sin 40° = 11.6 kt from the right; headwind = 18 × cos 40° = 13.8 kt. Compare the 11.6 kt crosswind against your aircraft’s demonstrated crosswind limit.
Sources: Crosswind — Wikipedia
Frequently asked questions
How do I know if it is a headwind or tailwind?
If the wind is blowing from the direction you are heading toward (within 90° of the runway), the along-runway component is a headwind. If it comes from behind the runway heading (more than 90° off), it is a tailwind, which this calculator flags for you.
What is the demonstrated crosswind limit?
It is the maximum crosswind at which the manufacturer test-landed the aircraft — a strong guideline rather than a legal limit for most light aircraft. Compare the crosswind component here against that figure and your own currency before committing to the approach.
Should I use gusts or steady wind?
For a conservative decision, resolve the gust value, not just the steady wind. A wind reported as 15 gusting 25 can put the crosswind component well above your comfort level during the flare.
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This calculator is for educational purposes. Double-check important results before acting on them.