Investing Calculators

Project how an initial amount plus monthly contributions could grow, or solve for the contribution, return, starting amount or time a goal needs. Includes fees, yearly raises, inflation, charts and schedules.

Calculate the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) between a beginning and ending value, and see why it beats a simple average.

Turn a total return over a holding period into an annualized (geometric) yearly return, with the equivalent growth of $10,000.

See how investing a fixed amount at different prices lowers your average cost per share below the simple average price.

Project the maturity value of a fixed monthly investment: total invested, wealth gain and growth year by year.

Find out how long it takes to reach $1,000,000 from your savings and contributions — and the monthly amount to hit it by a target year.

Calculate your FIRE number from annual expenses and a safe withdrawal rate, plus how long until your savings reach it.

See the annual and monthly income a portfolio can sustain at a chosen withdrawal rate, and the portfolio needed for a target income.

See how a fund’s annual expense ratio erodes your returns over time — ending value with fees vs without, and the growth lost.

Calculate the Sharpe ratio from portfolio return, the risk-free rate and standard deviation, with a plain-language reading.

Work out the net profit or loss and percent return on a stock trade after buy and sell commissions.

Blend up to four buy lots into one average cost per share, then see your break-even price and unrealized gain or loss.

See your new share count and adjusted price after a forward or reverse stock split — your total value stays the same.

Project how reinvesting dividends (a DRIP) compounds an investment over time versus taking the dividends as cash.

Turn a portfolio value and average dividend yield into annual, quarterly and monthly income — and the portfolio a target income needs.

Find a bond’s current yield and an approximate yield to maturity from its face value, coupon rate, market price and years left.

Calculate the profit, loss and percent return on a cryptocurrency trade after buy and sell trading fees.

Estimate a rental’s annual cash flow, cap rate and cash-on-cash return from its price, rent, expenses and mortgage.

Split a portfolio into target dollar amounts across stocks, bonds, cash and other from percentages that sum to 100%.

Compare the after-tax retirement value of a Roth versus a Traditional account, given your contribution, return and tax rates.

Project the maturity value of a monthly SIP in mutual funds — total invested, estimated returns and growth year by year.

See what a one-time lumpsum investment grows to — maturity value, amount invested and the returns compounding earns over your holding period.

Project a step-up SIP that rises every year — maturity value, total invested and year-by-year growth when you increase your instalment annually.

Model a Systematic Withdrawal Plan — how long your corpus lasts, how much you withdraw in total and what balance is left while it keeps earning.

Model a Systematic Transfer Plan moving money from a debt fund to equity each month — final equity value, source fund remaining and total transferred.

Work out the return on a mutual fund investment — absolute return, annualised return (CAGR) and total gain from what you invested and its current value.

Find the monthly SIP you need to reach a target corpus — enter your goal, timeframe and expected return to get the required monthly investment.

Compare investing a sum all at once versus spreading it as a monthly SIP — see both maturity values and how far apart they finish for the same money.

See what waiting to start investing costs you — compare the corpus if you begin now against starting a few years later with the same monthly SIP.

Estimate the retirement corpus you need and the monthly SIP to build it — accounts for inflation before retirement and returns during retirement.

Estimate the retirement corpus a monthly contribution can build and the monthly pension it can pay as an annuity.

Project your National Pension System corpus at 60, the lump sum you can withdraw and the monthly pension from the annuity portion.

Calculate the maturity value and interest of a Public Provident Fund account for any yearly deposit, rate and tenure.

Project your Employees Provident Fund corpus at retirement from monthly Basic+DA, contribution rates, salary growth and the EPF rate.

Calculate fixed-deposit maturity and interest for any principal, rate, tenure and compounding frequency.

Work out the maturity value and interest of a recurring deposit from a fixed monthly instalment, rate and number of months.

Estimate the maturity value of a Sukanya Samriddhi account: 15 years of deposits compounding to maturity 21 years after opening.

Calculate SCSS quarterly payouts with exact payout dates, total interest over 5 years plus any 3-year extensions, tax and TDS on the interest, the 80C saving, and what premature closure would cost — at the 8.2% rate for October–December 2026.

Calculate gratuity under the Payment of Gratuity Act from last drawn Basic+DA and years of service, with the tax-free limit.

Find your exempt and taxable House Rent Allowance from Basic+DA, HRA received, rent paid and whether you live in a metro city.

Work out the fixed periodic deposit needed to reach a savings target by a set date, with the total you contribute and the interest it earns.

Find a rental property’s capitalization rate from its net operating income and value, or work backward to the value a target cap rate implies.

Measure the total (absolute) return on an investment from its starting and ending value, plus the gain in dollars and the annualized rate.

Solve a bond’s exact yield to maturity from its price, coupon, frequency and time to maturity — with yield to call and yield to worst, effective annual yield, current yield, duration, convexity, a cash-flow table and a price–yield curve.

Work out a T-bill’s discount yield, bond-equivalent (investment) yield, money-market yield and effective annual yield from its price — or its price from the discount rate or investment rate — for 4, 6, 8, 13, 17, 26 and 52-week bills, with the Treasury formula for bills over six months, maturity date, after-tax and tax-equivalent yield.

Estimate the impermanent loss a liquidity provider suffers when one asset’s price moves relative to its pair, versus simply holding the two tokens.

Find the annualized internal rate of return (XIRR) on irregular, dated cash flows — the single yearly rate that discounts every deposit and withdrawal to a net present value of zero.

Price a European call or put option with the Black–Scholes–Merton model from spot, strike, time, rate, volatility and dividend yield — with the option delta and the d₁, d₂ terms.

Work out the profit or loss at expiry on a single-leg option — long or short call or put — from the strike, premium, contracts and the underlying price, with the breakeven and maximum loss.

Calculate a company’s market capitalization from its share price and shares outstanding — or solve for the price or share count — with the size band, fully diluted market cap (treasury stock method), free-float market cap, enterprise value, P/E and P/S, and market cap at other share prices.

Calculate the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio from share price and earnings per share, with the earnings yield it implies.

Calculate the PEG ratio from a stock’s P/E and its earnings growth rate to judge valuation relative to growth.

Calculate the price-to-book (P/B) ratio from share price and book value per share to gauge how a stock is valued against its net assets.

Calculate earnings per share (EPS) from net income, preferred dividends and weighted-average shares outstanding.

Calculate the dividend payout ratio from total dividends and net income, plus the retention ratio the company keeps.

Calculate book value per share (BVPS) from shareholders’ equity, preferred equity and shares outstanding.

Calculate return on equity (ROE) from net income and shareholders’ equity to see how efficiently a company turns equity into profit.

Calculate return on assets (ROA) from net income and total assets to measure how efficiently a company uses everything it owns.

Calculate the debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio from total liabilities, total debt, long-term debt or net debt and shareholders’ equity — with debt-to-capital, debt ratio, equity multiplier, market-value D/E, a target-ratio solver and a comparison with an earlier balance sheet.

Estimate a stock’s intrinsic value with the Gordon Growth dividend discount model from the next dividend, required return and growth rate.

Estimate a stock’s intrinsic value per share with a simplified discounted cash flow model: project free cash flow, discount it, and add a terminal value.

Project your 529 plan balance, compare it with the future cost of college (with tuition inflation and aid), and find the monthly saving or lump sum that would close the gap.

Find your Coast FIRE number — the amount invested today that grows to your retirement target with no further contributions.

See how long a retirement balance lasts at a chosen annual withdrawal and return, with optional inflation-adjusted withdrawals.

Project the long-run value of reinvesting every dividend to buy more shares, and see how much the compounding adds over simply taking the cash.

Compare the dividend yield on what you originally paid with the current market yield, and see how a growing dividend lifts your personal return.

Combine multiple buy lots and commissions into a single average cost basis per share — the number you need for taxes and profit tracking.

Work out the net profit or loss on a stock trade after buy and sell commissions, with the total return and break-even price.

Estimate US federal long-term capital gains tax using the 0/15/20% brackets, stacked on top of your ordinary income.

Solve for a bond’s yield to maturity from its price, coupon and time to maturity — the true return if you hold it to the end.

Value a bond from its coupon, face value and the market yield — the fair price is the present value of every coupon plus par.

See how many years it takes money to double and triple at a given return — the quick Rule of 72 estimate next to the exact figure.

See the lifetime cost of a fund’s expense ratio — how much a fraction of a percent a year quietly compounds away from your balance.

Compare investing a cash sum all at once against spreading it out monthly, and see how much the wait costs in a rising market.

Find the exact buys and sells to bring your stock, bond and cash holdings back to their target weights.

Turn a starting value, an ending value and a holding period into the compound annual growth rate — the smoothed yearly return.

See your yearly 401(k) contribution, the employer match you earn, and whether you are leaving any free match on the table.

Compare a Roth and a Traditional IRA on an equal after-tax basis and see which leaves you more spendable money in retirement.

Estimate the minimum you must withdraw this year from a traditional IRA or 401(k) using the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table.

Find your FIRE number from annual spending, see how far along you are, and estimate the years left to reach financial independence.

Find the amount you need invested today so that, with no further contributions, it grows into full retirement savings by your target age.

Apply the 4% rule to a portfolio to see your first-year retirement income, or work out the nest egg a target income requires.

Turn a lump sum into a fixed periodic payout over a set term, and see the total income and interest the annuity provides.

Compare a one-time pension lump sum against a lifetime monthly pension by present value and payout rate to see which is the better deal.

See how claiming Social Security early or late changes your monthly benefit, and find the break-even age versus full retirement age.

Project your net worth years into the future from your current total, annual savings and an expected growth rate.

Find out how long it takes to reach a savings goal from your current balance, monthly contribution and interest rate.

Work out how large your emergency fund should be, how many months you are already covered, and how long to finish funding it.

Work out the real profit or loss on a crypto trade after entry, exit and exchange fees — with the exact percentage return on your capital.

See how buying a fixed amount of crypto on a schedule builds your position, and why your average cost lands below the simple average price.

Estimate crypto staking income from an APR, holding period and compounding frequency — and see the effective APY once rewards are restaked.

Find the exact stock price a long call or put must reach to break even at expiration, plus the move required and the maximum you can lose.

Measure the income and if-called return on a covered call, annualised, plus the downside cushion the premium buys you.

See the margin a leveraged position requires, how a price move multiplies into gains or losses, and roughly where liquidation sits.

Size a trade to a fixed percentage of your account: how many shares to buy so your stop-loss risks only what you decide.

Turn an entry, stop-loss and target into a risk/reward ratio and the win rate you need to break even on the trade.

See how a reverse stock split (1-for-N) changes your share count and price per share while leaving the total value of your holding unchanged.

Measure return per unit of downside risk with the Sortino ratio — the Sharpe ratio refined to penalise only harmful, below-target volatility.

Blend the betas of up to three holdings by weight to get your portfolio beta — how much it tends to move for a given market move.

Convert a nominal investment return into a real, inflation-adjusted return using the exact Fisher equation — the growth in actual buying power.

Project what a starting balance plus a fixed monthly investment grows to, and see how much of the ending pot is contributions versus compounded growth.

Find out how many years of monthly investing it takes to reach $1,000,000 — or any target — from your current balance at an assumed return.

See how much a fund’s annual expense ratio quietly costs you over decades — the gap between what you would have and what fees leave behind.

Compare a tax-free municipal bond with a taxable bond fairly — the taxable yield you would need to match a muni after federal and state tax.

Design a bond ladder: split a lump sum across equal rungs and see the annual interest income, the size of each rung and how much matures each year.

Convert a Treasury bill’s purchase price and maturity into its discount yield and the coupon-equivalent (investment) yield you can compare to other bonds.

Estimate the dividend income a REIT investment throws off, before and after tax, and how a growing payout lifts your yield on cost over time.

Combine price change and dividends into one honest total return — plus the annualized (CAGR) figure so you can compare holdings of different lengths.

Find the share price you must sell at just to get your money back after buying costs, selling fees and capital-gains tax — or to net a target profit.

Set tolerance bands around a target allocation and see whether an asset has drifted far enough to rebalance — and exactly how much to buy or sell.

See how many years a retirement nest egg lasts when you draw an inflation-adjusted income from it each year at an assumed rate of return.

Apply the classic “110 minus your age” rule of thumb to split a portfolio between stocks and bonds, with the dollar amounts for each.

Discount a single future amount back to today’s money — see what a lump sum you receive later is really worth now.

Grow a single sum forward at a compound rate — see what one deposit becomes after years of compounding.

Discount a project’s cash flows at your required rate and get its net present value — the standard accept-or-reject test.

Solve for the discount rate that zeroes out a project’s NPV — the internal rate of return, found by iteration.

Find how long it takes to recover an investment once future cash flows are discounted to present value — the time-value-aware payback.

Value a stream of payments that lasts forever — a level or growing perpetuity — from its cash flow and discount rate.

Value a fixed-term stream of payments that grow each period — the present value of a growing annuity.

Estimate the annual return on a callable bond if it is redeemed at its call date and price — the yield to call.

Divide a bond’s annual coupon income by its market price to get its current yield — the simplest measure of bond income.

Divide share price by earnings per share to get the P/E ratio — plus the earnings yield it implies.

Divide the P/E ratio by the expected earnings growth rate to get the PEG ratio — a growth-adjusted valuation gauge.

Compare dividends per share to earnings per share to get the payout ratio, retention ratio and implied sustainable growth.

Strip goodwill, intangibles and preferred equity out of book value to get tangible book value per share — the hard-asset floor behind a stock.

Compare basic and diluted earnings per share and see how much options, warrants and convertibles dilute each share of profit.

Value a dividend stock with the Gordon growth (dividend discount) model: next year’s dividend divided by required return minus growth.

Measure how much free cash flow a company throws off per dollar of market value — free cash flow divided by market capitalization.

Gauge structural leverage with the long-term debt-to-equity ratio — long-term borrowings measured against shareholders’ equity.

Find net working capital and the current ratio from current assets and current liabilities — the cash cushion behind day-to-day operations.

The strictest liquidity test: cash and equivalents divided by current liabilities, ignoring receivables and inventory entirely.

See how many times operating profit covers interest expense — the times-interest-earned test of debt safety.

Break return on equity into its three DuPont drivers — net margin, asset turnover and financial leverage — to see what really powers returns.

Measure how well a business turns all its capital — debt and equity — into after-tax operating profit with return on invested capital.

Compute enterprise value — the true cost to buy a whole business: market cap plus debt and minority interest, minus cash.

Divide enterprise value by EBITDA to get the capital-structure-neutral valuation multiple analysts use to compare companies.

Find the price at which a long position bought on margin triggers a maintenance margin call from your broker.

Calculate the profit and return on margin from a short sale, including dividends you owe while short.

Compute the expiry profit, break-even and return of a long call or long put from strike, premium and underlying price.

Estimate the maximum profit, break-even and return of a covered put write — short stock plus a short put.

Work out the max profit, max loss, break-evens and return-on-risk of an iron condor from your credit and wing width.

Find the upper and lower break-even prices and the move needed for a long straddle to pay off.

Calculate a warrant’s intrinsic value from the share price, exercise price and conversion ratio, plus any premium in its market price.

Find a convertible bond’s conversion ratio, conversion value and conversion premium from the conversion price and share price.

Value preferred stock as a perpetuity from its dividend and your required rate of return, and see the implied dividend yield.

Compute a bond’s Macaulay and modified duration — the time-weighted average of its cash flows and its price sensitivity to yield.

Measure a bond’s convexity and see how it sharpens the duration-only estimate of price change for a given yield move.

Adjust the principal of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities using the CPI index ratio and see the inflation-adjusted coupon.

Work out what a single pip is worth on any forex trade from your lot size, the pip decimal and the quote-to-account exchange rate.

Size a forex trade to a fixed money risk: enter your account, risk percentage and stop-loss in pips to get the exact units and lots to trade.

Find the margin a leveraged forex trade ties up: enter trade size, price and leverage to get the required margin and the effective margin percentage.

Value a gold or silver holding at the current spot price, adjusting for weight, unit and purity (karat or fineness).

Compute the notional value and per-tick dollar value of a commodity futures position from contract size, price and tick increment.

See the true leverage of a futures trade: enter price, contract multiplier and initial margin to get notional value, effective leverage and margin percentage.

Measure the hidden leverage in an options contract: enter the underlying price, premium and delta to get the effective leverage (lambda) and share-equivalent exposure.

See how a share repurchase lifts earnings per share: enter net income, shares outstanding and the buyback amount to compare EPS before and after.

Measure how exercising employee stock options dilutes existing shareholders — the new share count, dilution percentage and your shrunken ownership stake.

Compute the weighted average cost of capital from the value and cost of equity and debt, including the tax shield on interest.

Estimate the cost of equity with the Capital Asset Pricing Model from the risk-free rate, beta and the expected market return.

Calculate the terminal value of a business with the Gordon perpetuity-growth model and discount it back to present value.

See both sides of an investment result at once — the dollars you made and the percentage return on your money, plus any income received.

Measure the total return on an investment over exactly the time you held it, then annualise it to compare against other opportunities.

Judge how well your investments performed independent of when you added or withdrew money, using the time-weighted return over two periods.

Estimate your personal rate of return using the Simple Dietz method — the return that accounts for the cash you added and withdrew.

Find out what an investment return is really worth after taxes take their cut — and after inflation erodes what is left.

Compare a nominal bond yield with an inflation-protected yield to find the inflation rate the market is pricing in.

Convert a nominal return into a real, inflation-adjusted return using the exact Fisher equation — and see how much the quick estimate misses.

Estimate how many years it takes to triple your money at a given return using the quick Rule of 114 shortcut.

Estimate how many years it takes to quadruple your money at a given return using the Rule of 144 mental shortcut.

Size a stock position based on how strongly you believe in it, turning a conviction level into a target dollar amount and share count.

Combine the weights and expected returns of up to three holdings into a single weighted-average expected return for the whole portfolio.

See how spreading money across more stocks reduces portfolio volatility, and how correlation sets the floor diversification cannot cross.

Project the growing income stream from a dividend-aristocrat position — where the payout is raised every year — with or without reinvesting.

See how many extra shares a dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP) accumulates over the years, and what the position is worth at the end.

Check whether a tax-loss-harvesting sale trips the wash-sale rule, how much loss is disallowed, and the new basis of your replacement shares.

Turn an employee stock purchase plan discount and lookback into an immediate per-share gain and an eye-opening annualized return.

Enter your ESPP contribution, discount and prices to see shares bought, total proceeds and your dollar profit at sale.

Compare investing in a broad index fund against a high-yield savings account over the same monthly plan — and see the long-run gap.

Split your portfolio across a classic three-fund lineup — US stocks, international stocks and bonds — with dollar amounts and your true stock/bond mix.

See the stock/bond mix a target-date glide path would set for you today, where it lands at retirement, and how fast it shifts each year.

Size the three buckets of a retirement bucket strategy — cash, bonds and stocks — from your annual spending and portfolio.

Build a CD ladder from a lump sum and see the annual interest income, the amount maturing each year, and what a rung is worth.

Combine the fixed rate and inflation rate into an I-bond composite rate, then project its value and the early-redemption penalty.

Convert a tax-free municipal bond yield into the taxable yield you would need, accounting for both federal and state income tax.

Work out the monthly and annual cash flow of a rental property from rent, vacancy, operating costs and the mortgage — plus NOI, cap rate, cash-on-cash return, DSCR, break-even rent and occupancy, a year-by-year projection with rent and expense growth, equity, sale proceeds, total profit and IRR.

Apply the 70% rule to a flip: the maximum you should pay given the after-repair value, rehab budget and carrying costs.

Model a Buy, Rehab, Rent, Refinance, Repeat deal: cash left in after the refinance, cash flow and cash-on-cash return.

Estimate short-term rental income: nightly rate, occupancy, platform and cleaning fees, and net monthly profit after costs.

Live in one unit and rent the others: see your net housing cost after roommate or unit rent, and whether you live for free.

Rental property depreciation under IRS MACRS: 27.5-year residential or 39-year commercial (or ADS 30/40), mid-month first and last years by the month placed in service, closing costs and land split, a full year-by-year schedule, cost segregation with bonus depreciation, tax savings and the recapture due when you sell.

Check a rental against the 1% rule: does monthly rent reach at least 1% of the total purchase-plus-rehab price?

Use the 50% rule to fast-estimate rental operating expenses and cash flow from rent and mortgage payment alone.

Calculate the debt service coverage ratio — net operating income divided by debt payments — that lenders use to size property loans.

Find the loan-to-cost ratio and required equity on a development or rehab deal from the loan amount and total project cost.

Estimate a property’s after-repair value from comparable sales price-per-square-foot and your subject’s finished size.

Split real estate syndication profits with an LP preferred return and a sponsor promote: see the preferred, the split and total distributions.

See how much a 50/50 liquidity pool underperforms simply holding the two tokens after the price of one moves — the impermanent loss every AMM LP faces.

Convert a farm’s advertised APR into the true APY once rewards are auto-compounded, and see the projected end-of-year balance.

Net the interest you earn supplying crypto against the interest you pay borrowing against it, over any holding period.

Work out the capital gain on a crypto sale using first-in-first-out cost basis across two purchase lots.

Calculate your real profit flipping an NFT after creator royalties, marketplace fees and gas — not just buy price minus sell price.

Estimate how a fixed dollar-cost-averaging plan would have performed across a price move — coins accumulated, average cost and final value.

Find out exactly how much of one asset to buy or sell to bring your crypto portfolio back to its target allocation.

See the block reward after any number of halvings and how many coins have been issued toward the 21-million cap.

Turn a market cap and supply into the token price, then see the fully diluted valuation if every token were in circulation.

Model a vesting schedule with a cliff and linear release — see how many tokens are unlocked, still locked and what the unlocked portion is worth.

Compare sending transactions one by one against bundling them into a single batched transaction, and see how much gas you save.

Split stablecoin capital across short, mid and long yield rungs and see the blended APY, annual yield and monthly income.

See how much employer match you lose by front-loading your 401(k) — and how a year-end true-up restores it when you max out before December.

Find your after-tax 401(k) contribution room for a mega backdoor Roth — the total plan limit minus your elective deferral and employer contributions.

Plan a Roth conversion ladder for early retirement — annual conversion amount, five-year bridge fund and estimated conversion taxes.

Estimate penalty-free early IRA withdrawals under IRS Rule 72(t) using the amortization method, with the RMD method shown for comparison.

See how much extra retirement savings the age-50+ catch-up contribution builds by retirement, with compounding on every extra dollar.

Compare your projected retirement income to your working income as a replacement ratio, and see the gap against a target like 80%.

Project how annual cost-of-living adjustments grow your Social Security benefit over time, in monthly, annual and cumulative terms.

Compare a single-life pension with a joint-and-survivor option: your reduced monthly benefit, the survivor payment, the lifetime cost, what your survivor would collect and how long they must outlive you to break even, with COLA, present value and FERS, CSRS and military SBP presets.

Turn a lump sum into guaranteed monthly income for a fixed period — see the monthly payout, total paid and interest earned.

Estimate the total cost of health insurance from early retirement until Medicare at 65, including yearly premium inflation.

See how part-time income shrinks the nest egg you need to retire — the Barista FIRE math on portfolio size and years of work saved.

Blend taxable, Roth and Social Security income into one effective tax rate to see how tax diversification lowers your retirement tax bill.

Add a second lot to a losing position and see your new blended cost basis, break-even price, and how far the stock must recover to get you whole.

Measure how far your portfolio has fallen from its peak and the exact gain needed to recover — the asymmetry that makes big drawdowns so costly.

Find the deepest unrealized loss a trade endured before it closed — the MAE that tells you whether your stop was too tight or too loose.

Set a percentage trailing stop and see the exact trigger price, the gain it locks in, and how much room it leaves below the recent high.

Express a trade’s result in units of the risk you took — the R-multiple that lets you compare every trade on one common scale.

Turn your win rate, average win and average loss into expectancy — the average profit or loss you can expect from every single trade.

Convert a win rate and reward-to-risk ratio into profit factor, the break-even win rate, and the edge per dollar risked.

Place a volatility-based stop a chosen multiple of Average True Range from your entry, so your risk matches how much the stock actually moves.

Split a position into scaled tranches — a decreasing pyramid, equal thirds, or an increasing build — and see the capital in each add.

Paste two lists of period returns and get their Pearson correlation — how tightly two assets move together, the heart of diversification.

Combine two assets’ weights, volatilities and correlation into the portfolio’s true volatility — and see the diversification benefit in numbers.

Enter portfolio and benchmark returns to get tracking error, average active return and information ratio — how tightly you hug the index.

Project how a U.S. savings bond grows with semiannual compounding — see its future redemption value and total interest earned.

Series EE bonds are guaranteed to double if held 20 years — see the guaranteed value, the implied minimum yield, and what your fixed rate alone would give.

Build a Treasury ladder across several maturities and see the blended average yield and the annual interest income it produces.

Compare a money market fund against a Treasury bill after tax — T-bill interest is exempt from state tax, which can flip the winner.

Work out what a brokerage margin loan actually costs — daily interest, total interest over your holding period, and the effective annual rate.

Estimate the income from lending out your shares — the gross lending fee, your split with the broker, and the effective yield on your position.

See exactly what happens when a short option is assigned — the cash required, the effective cost or sale basis after premium, and the share count.

Track the income from running the wheel — total option premium collected against the cash secured, as a period return and an annualized yield.

Selling a cash-secured put? See the yield on the cash you set aside, the annualized return, and your effective buy price if assigned.

Test a dividend-capture trade — buy before the ex-date, collect the dividend, and see whether the price drop leaves you ahead after a quick sale.

Enter a buy-write in one step — buy the stock and sell a call together — and see the static yield, the if-called return, and both annualized.

Price the insurance on your stock — the cost of a protective put, your protected floor, maximum loss, and what the coverage costs per year.

Compare daily, weekly and monthly compounding on the same rate and see how much extra each schedule earns over time.

See what a fund actually returns after its expense ratio and any advisory fee, and how much fee drag costs you in dollars.

Switching to a cheaper ETF but paying a spread or tax now? See how many years the lower expense ratio takes to pay it back.

Estimate how much annual turnover costs you in taxes each year and how that tax drag compounds into a smaller nest egg.

See how much you gain by holding tax-inefficient bonds in an IRA and stocks in taxable accounts instead of the reverse.

Find the retirement tax rate at which a Roth and a Traditional contribution break even, and see which wins for your situation.

Compare investing a windfall all at once against spreading it over months, and see the cost of sitting in cash while you wait.

Test whether a portfolio that shifts from stocks to bonds over retirement can fund your inflation-adjusted spending for life.

Size a cash buffer that lets you skip selling stocks in down years, protecting an early retirement from sequence-of-returns risk.

Find the portfolio needed to fund spending that keeps pace with inflation, so your purchasing power holds for the whole retirement.

Plan for outliving your money by funding to a conservative age, and see how many extra years and dollars that safety margin costs.

Compare preserving your portfolio to leave an inheritance against spending it down to zero, and see how much more you could spend.

Price a European call option with the Black–Scholes formula — enter spot, strike, volatility, rate and time to see the fair premium, d1, d2 and delta.

Price a European put option with Black–Scholes — enter spot, strike, volatility, rate and time to get the fair premium, delta and intrinsic vs time value.

Estimate the delta of a call or put with Black–Scholes — how much the option premium moves per $1 move in the underlying, plus the hedge ratio.

Estimate an option’s theta — the daily time decay of its premium — for a call or put using Black–Scholes, in both per-day and annual terms.

Turn an option’s delta, the underlying price and the premium paid into its effective leverage (omega) — how much a 1% stock move swings the option.

Find the breakeven, max profit and max loss of any vertical option spread — bull call, bear put, bull put or bear call — from its strikes and net premium.

Estimate the max-pain strike from open interest across three strikes — the expiry price where the total value of calls and puts held is smallest.

Check put–call parity for European options — compare C − P against S − K·e^(−rT) to spot an arbitrage gap between a call, a put, the stock and cash.

Cost a calendar (time) spread — sell the near-term option, buy the longer-dated one at the same strike — and see the net debit, total outlay and max risk.

Price an option collar on a stock position — buy a protective put, sell a covered call — to see the net cost, downside floor, upside cap and max gain and loss.

Turn an option premium into an annualized yield on capital for covered calls and cash-secured puts — compare a short-dated premium to a yearly return.

Estimate the chance a short option finishes in the money — and is assigned — directly from its delta, with the probability it expires worthless.

See how raising your monthly investment a little every year — in step with your pay rises — snowballs a portfolio far past a flat contribution.

Find the exact monthly amount you must invest to hit $1,000,000 (or any target) by 30, 40 or 50 — given what you have saved already.

Check whether your invested savings can coast to retirement on their own once part-time work covers part of your future spending.

Your savings rate, not your salary, sets your retirement date — see how many years until work becomes optional.

Compare your net worth to your income as a multiple, and see how you stack up against the age-based benchmarks used by planners.

Apply Guyton-Klinger-style guardrails to your retirement spending: know when a raise or a spending cut is triggered.

See how many years of reinvesting and adding to a dividend portfolio it takes to reach a target annual dividend income.

Compare reinvesting dividends against taking them as cash — see the compounding gap a DRIP builds over time after taxes.

Turn a home price and a savings habit into a timeline: how long until your down payment (plus interest) is ready.

Translate your cash reserves into months of runway, factoring in any income you would still earn during a job loss.

Use an HSA as a stealth retirement account: project its tax-free growth when you invest it and pay medical bills out of pocket.

Weigh a Roth account against a taxable brokerage for early retirement, accounting for the yearly tax drag and capital gains at the end.

See how much a fund’s expense ratio costs you over time and how much it drags on returns.

Find the share price at which a stock trade breaks even after buy and sell commissions.

See how much annual and monthly income a portfolio supports at a chosen safe withdrawal rate.

Project the future value of a Health Savings Account from contributions and investment growth.

Estimate a bond’s yield to maturity and current yield from its price, coupon and years left.

Convert a nominal investment return into a real, inflation-adjusted return.

Project a Stocks & Shares or Cash ISA for 2026/27 and beyond: monthly or yearly contributions within the £20,000 allowance (and the £12,000 cash limit from April 2027), fees, inflation, and the tax you avoid compared with a taxable account.

Project a Lifetime ISA month by month: the 25% government bonus (up to £1,000 a year), growth after fees, the age-50 cut-off, a first-home check against the £450,000 cap with a partner’s LISA and deposit target, the value at 60, and what the 25% withdrawal charge would cost.

What a pension contribution really costs in 2026/27 after tax relief — relief at source, net pay or salary sacrifice, Scottish or rest-of-UK rates, the higher-rate claim, NI and student-loan savings, the 60% trap, Child Benefit charge and the annual allowance.

Your RRSP deduction limit for 2026 (or 2027): 18% of last year’s earned income up to $33,810, minus pension adjustments, plus PAR and unused room — with the room left, the over-contribution penalty, the deadline and a projection of future room.

The 2026 tax refund an RRSP contribution produces in any province or territory, bracket by bracket — with your marginal rate before and after, the net cost, a contribution-room check, and RRSP vs TFSA growth after withdrawal tax.

Your TFSA contribution room for 2026 from your birth year or the year you turned 18: every CRA annual limit from 2009 ($109,000 in total by 2026), adjusted for newcomer and non-resident years, minus contributions and plus earlier withdrawals. Also shows the over-contribution penalty, next January’s room and a year-by-year projection.

Project a First Home Savings Account year by year under the CRA rules — $8,000 of room a year, up to $8,000 carried forward, $40,000 lifetime, 15 years — with your tax refunds by province or marginal rate, an existing balance, couples, the RRSP Home Buyers’ Plan and the minimum down payment for your target home.

Project a Registered Education Savings Plan with the 20% Canada Education Savings Grant (up to $500 a year, $1,000 with carry-forward room, $7,200 lifetime), the income-tested additional CESG at 2026 thresholds, the Canada Learning Bond and the Quebec and BC grants — with a year-by-year table and a grant-maximising contribution plan.

Project your super balance to retirement from your salary, employer 12%, extra contributions, fees and returns — in today’s dollars — with the income it could support and the effect of adding $100 a fortnight.

Cash flow and tax on an Australian investment property — rent less interest, expenses and depreciation, the tax saved at your marginal rate, and the real weekly cost after the refund.

The government co-contribution on after-tax super contributions — 50 cents per dollar up to $500 for incomes to $47,488, phasing out by $62,488 — and the contribution that captures the full amount.

Project your KiwiSaver balance at 65 from your salary, contribution rate, employer 3% (net of ESCT), the government contribution and fund returns — with a first-home withdrawal option.

See how a CPF contribution splits into Ordinary, Special and MediSave accounts by age, and project balances with 2.5% OA and 4% SA/MA interest plus the extra 1% on the first $60,000.

Tax on a capital gain in India for FY 2026-27 (Income-tax Act 2025) and FY 2025-26: equity STCG 20%, LTCG 12.5% above ₹1.25 lakh with 2018 grandfathering, property at 12.5% or 20% with automatic CII indexation for pre-July-2024 purchases, slab-rate gains from your income, surcharge, cess, Section 54/54EC/54F, loss set-off and the date a gain turns long-term.

Maturity value of a National Savings Certificate at 7.7% compounded annually over 5 years, year-by-year accrued interest (taxable but re-invested and 80C-eligible for years 1–4).

Kisan Vikas Patra doubling period and maturity value at 7.5% compounded annually — 115 months to double — with premature encashment values after 2.5 years.

Quarterly interest income from the Senior Citizen Savings Scheme at 8.2% on up to ₹30 lakh — quarterly and annual payout, TDS threshold, 80C benefit and 5-year total.

Monthly payout from the Post Office Monthly Income Scheme at 7.4% — single account up to ₹9 lakh, joint up to ₹15 lakh — with 5-year total and tax at your slab.

Irish CGT at 33% on gains from shares, property and crypto after the €1,270 annual exemption, allowable costs and losses — with principal-private-residence relief and payment deadlines.

How volatility erodes a 2× or 3× leveraged (or inverse) ETF over time — expected return versus the naive multiple, break-even index return and the daily-rebalancing path for a chosen index move and volatility.

Price a zero-coupon bond from its yield, find the yield from a price, or the face value a budget buys. Annual, semi-annual, quarterly, monthly or continuous compounding, a year-by-year accretion and phantom-income (OID) tax schedule, duration, convexity, a rate-sensitivity table, the price if you sell early and the face value in today’s money.

Accrued interest on a bond between coupon dates under 30/360, 30E/360, actual/actual (ICMA or ISDA), actual/365 and actual/360. Start from the last coupon date or from the maturity date, and get the dirty price from a clean price or from a yield, the yield from a clean price, every convention side by side, and the worked steps.

Calculate the gross and net rental yield of a buy-to-let or investment property from the price, weekly, monthly or yearly rent, purchase costs, letting fees, vacancy, maintenance, property tax and insurance — plus the 1% rule, the rent needed for a target yield, a yield sensitivity table and, with a mortgage, cash flow, cash-on-cash return, interest cover and gearing.

Stress-test a retirement plan with 2,000 simulated market paths: the probability your money lasts, percentile bands for the balance year by year, the median and 10th–90th percentile ending balance, when failed paths run out, the highest spending that hits your target success rate, and how fixed, guardrail and percentage withdrawal rules, other income and years still saving change the odds.

Estimate how much a position or portfolio could lose over a horizon at 95% or 99% confidence using volatility: parametric (normal) value at risk in currency and percent, conditional VaR / expected shortfall for the tail beyond it, scaling from daily to multi-day horizons, the effect of expected return, a fat-tail (Student-t) comparison, and a table across confidence levels.

Compare funds and strategies on risk-adjusted return: Treynor ratio (excess return per unit of beta), Calmar ratio (CAGR over maximum drawdown), information ratio (active return over tracking error), plus Sharpe, Sortino-style downside check, Jensen's alpha and M², with a guide to what counts as good for each.

Back out the implied volatility from an option's market price with the Black-Scholes model: enter the underlying, strike, expiry, rate, dividend yield and the call or put price to get IV, the model price at that IV, vega (how much price per IV point), the expected one-standard-deviation move to expiry, a comparison with realised volatility, and the IV needed to justify a different price.

All the Black-Scholes Greeks for a call and put at once — delta, gamma, vega per IV point, theta per day, rho per rate point, plus vanna and volga (vomma) — with dividend yield, the dollar Greeks for a position of N contracts, a one-day / one-percent scenario P&L, and a table of how the Greeks change across the strike.

Neutralise an options position: shares to buy or sell to bring the net delta to zero (or a target), the hedge's cost, how many shares to trade after the underlying moves (gamma), the expected P&L of a delta-hedged long or short option book from realised versus implied volatility, the rebalancing band, and the daily theta the hedge must earn back.

Price a ladder of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities that pays a fixed real income every year for a set number of years: the total cost today at the current real yield, the face value to buy for each maturity rung, how coupons reduce what each rung must return, the equivalent safe withdrawal rate, and how the cost changes with real yields.

See what a rate move does to a bond or bond fund: price change from modified duration and convexity for any yield shock, the exact repriced value for comparison, DV01, the duration and convexity of a coupon bond from its terms, the break-even yield rise that wipes out a year of income, and a table of price changes from −200 to +200 basis points.

Plan ELSS mutual fund investments in India: the Section 80C deduction (up to ₹1.5 lakh, old regime) and tax saved at your slab, SIP or lump-sum growth over the 3-year lock-in and beyond, when each SIP instalment unlocks, the LTCG tax at 12.5% above the ₹1.25 lakh exemption on redemption, and the effective post-tax return compared with PPF and a 5-year tax-saver FD.

Estimate what a Sovereign Gold Bond returns: the 2.5% annual interest on the issue price paid half-yearly, the maturity value after 8 years at your assumed gold price growth, tax-free capital gains on redemption, the effective annual return, early exit after 5 years or a secondary-market sale, and a like-for-like comparison with gold ETFs, digital gold and physical gold after making charges and GST.

Calculate Benjamin Graham’s fair-value ceiling for a stock — √(22.5 × EPS × book value per share) — plus the margin of safety at today’s price and the P/E × P/B test for defensive investors.

Enter a swing high and swing low to get the Fibonacci retracement levels (23.6%, 38.2%, 50%, 61.8%, 78.6%) and extension targets (127.2%, 161.8%, 261.8%) for an uptrend or downtrend.

Calculate today’s pivot point, support and resistance levels from yesterday’s high, low and close — classic (floor), Fibonacci, Camarilla and Woodie pivot points for stocks, futures and forex.

Calculate the net cost, maximum profit, maximum loss, breakeven prices and profit at expiry of a long call or put butterfly spread from its three strikes and option premiums.

Find the liquidation price of a leveraged long or short futures position (isolated margin, USDT-margined): entry price, leverage, size, maintenance margin rate and any extra margin added.

Calculate the funding fee you pay or receive on a perpetual futures position — per payment, per day and over your holding period — and the annualized funding rate for 8-hour, 4-hour or hourly funding.

Calculate a stock’s price-to-sales (P/S) ratio from its share price, shares outstanding and annual revenue, plus EV/Sales, revenue per share and the price implied by a target P/S multiple.

Paste closing prices to calculate Wilder’s Relative Strength Index (RSI) — average gain, average loss, RS and the RSI for every bar — and see whether the market is overbought, oversold or neutral.

Score a company from 0 to 9 on Joseph Piotroski’s nine accounting tests — profitability, leverage, liquidity, dilution and efficiency — from two years of income statement and balance sheet figures.

Calculate the forward exchange rate, forward points and annualized forward premium or discount from the spot rate and the two currencies’ interest rates using covered interest rate parity.

Calculate Jensen’s alpha — a portfolio or fund’s return above what CAPM predicts for its beta — from the portfolio return, risk-free rate, beta and market return.

Calculate a stock’s beta from its returns and the market’s returns — covariance ÷ variance — plus correlation, R-squared, alpha and annualized volatility of both series.

Calculate the theoretical ex-rights price (TERP), the value of each right, the new shares you can subscribe and what happens to your wealth if you take up, sell or ignore your rights.

Unlever a company’s equity beta with the Hamada equation to get its asset beta, then relever it at a target debt-to-equity ratio and see the CAPM cost of equity before and after.

Calculate the debt yield of a commercial real estate loan (NOI ÷ loan amount), check it against the lender’s minimum and find the maximum loan your property’s net operating income supports.

Calculate the equity multiple of a real estate deal or private investment — total cash distributions ÷ equity invested — with total profit, average annual return and the equivalent annualized return.

Find a callable bond’s yield to worst — the lower of its yield to maturity and yield to call — from price, coupon, maturity, call date and call price, with current yield and which scenario is worst.

Calculate a bond’s coupon rate from its face value and coupon payment (annual, semi-annual, quarterly or monthly), plus annual coupon income and the current yield at the market price.

Calculate the implied forward interest rate between two future dates from two spot (zero-coupon) rates, with annual, semi-annual or continuous compounding, and see the shape of the yield curve.

Calculate a currency cross rate (such as EUR/JPY or GBP/CAD) from two exchange rates quoted against a common currency like the US dollar, with the inverse rate and a converted amount.

Estimate the overnight swap (rollover) on a forex position from the two currencies’ interest rates, your broker’s markup, position size and direction — per night, for any number of nights and as an annual carry rate.

Calculate the gold-to-silver ratio from spot prices, see how many ounces of silver one ounce of gold buys, how much silver your gold would swap for, and where the ratio sits versus its modern range.

Calculate the bid-ask spread of a stock, ETF, option, bond or currency in price, percent of midpoint and basis points, plus the round-trip cost of trading a given quantity at market.

Calculate the profit or loss of a forex trade from the entry and exit price, position size and direction — in pips, in the quote currency and in your account currency — plus the pip value.

Calculate the profitability index (PI) of an investment — the present value of its future cash flows divided by the initial cost — together with the NPV and a clear accept or reject decision.

Estimate the real return of peer-to-peer lending and crowdlending: interest earned minus expected defaults (after recoveries) and platform fees, the break-even default rate and your projected balance.

Enter yearly returns to get the arithmetic average return, the geometric average (CAGR) your money really earned, the volatility drag between them, the standard deviation and the growth of your investment.

Estimate a stock’s intrinsic value with Benjamin Graham’s growth formula, V = EPS × (8.5 + 2g) × 4.4 ÷ Y, then see the margin of safety at today’s price and the buy-below price.

Paste a series of closing prices to calculate historical volatility: the standard deviation of log returns per period, annualized with the square-root-of-time rule, plus a one-year price range.

Calculate the equity risk premium — the extra return stocks are expected to earn over risk-free government bonds — from an expected market return or from dividend yield plus growth, and the CAPM required return for a stock.

Turn a discounted cash flow model around: find the free-cash-flow growth rate the current share price implies, given your discount rate, growth period and terminal growth.

Calculate a bond’s yield spread over government bonds in basis points and the default probability it implies, given an expected recovery rate — useful for corporate bonds and country risk spreads.