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Range Calculator

Find the range of a data set — the gap between the highest and lowest value — along with the minimum, maximum, midrange and count.

Data values

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How it works

Range = maximum − minimum · Midrange = (maximum + minimum) ÷ 2

The range is the simplest measure of spread: the largest value minus the smallest. It is quick to read but fragile, because it depends only on the two most extreme points and ignores everything in between — a single outlier can blow it up. The midrange, the average of the minimum and maximum, marks the centre of that span, though it is likewise sensitive to extremes.

Worked example

For 12, 5, 22, 30, 7, 18 the smallest value is 5 and the largest is 30, so the range is 30 − 5 = 25. The midrange is (30 + 5) ÷ 2 = 17.5.

Sources: Range (statistics) — Wikipedia

Frequently asked questions

Why is the range a weak measure of spread?

It uses only the two most extreme values, so a single unusually high or low point can distort it completely while telling you nothing about how the bulk of the data is distributed. The interquartile range or standard deviation give a more robust picture.

What is the midrange?

The midrange is the point exactly halfway between the minimum and maximum, found by averaging them. It estimates the centre of the data but, like the range, is heavily swayed by outliers, so it is rarely used as a primary measure of central tendency.

Can the range be zero?

Yes — if every value in the set is identical, the maximum equals the minimum and the range is zero, meaning there is no spread at all.

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For education — check assumptions (sample size, distribution) before using statistics in real decisions.