LV Mass Calculator — Left Ventricular Mass Index and Geometry (ASE)
Calculate left ventricular mass with the ASE-corrected cube formula from IVSd, LVIDd and PWd, then LV mass index, relative wall thickness and LV geometry (remodeling or hypertrophy).
How it works
LV mass (g) = 0.8 × 1.04 × [(IVSd + LVIDd + PWd)³ − LVIDd³] + 0.6, dimensions in cm · LV mass index = LV mass ÷ BSA (DuBois: 0.007184 × kg^0.425 × cm^0.725) · RWT = 2 × PWd ÷ LVIDd. Normal LV mass index ≤ 115 g/m² (men) or ≤ 95 g/m² (women); RWT > 0.42 is increased.
The linear (cube) method estimates LV mass from three end-diastolic measurements on M-mode or 2D echocardiography, treating the ventricle as a prolate ellipsoid; Devereux’s correction (0.8 × … + 0.6) makes it agree with necropsy mass. The ASE/EACVI chamber quantification recommendations (Lang et al. 2015) index mass to body surface area and classify LV mass index as normal, mildly, moderately or severely abnormal (men 116–131, 132–148, ≥ 149 g/m²; women 96–108, 109–121, ≥ 122 g/m²). Combining mass index with relative wall thickness gives four geometry patterns: normal, concentric remodeling (normal mass, RWT > 0.42), concentric hypertrophy (high mass, RWT > 0.42) and eccentric hypertrophy (high mass, RWT ≤ 0.42). Because errors in wall thickness are cubed, measure carefully perpendicular to the long axis.
Worked example
A man 170 cm and 70 kg has IVSd 10 mm, LVIDd 48 mm and PWd 10 mm. LV mass = 0.8 × 1.04 × (6.8³ − 4.8³) + 0.6 = 0.8 × 1.04 × 203.84 + 0.6 ≈ 170 g. BSA (DuBois) = 1.81 m², so LV mass index = 94 g/m² (normal for a man, ≤ 115). RWT = 2 × 10 ÷ 48 = 0.42 — not above 0.42, so the geometry is normal.
Sources: Lang RM et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the ASE and EACVI. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015;28:1–39 · Devereux RB et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings. Am J Cardiol 1986;57:450–458
Frequently asked questions
What is a normal LV mass index?
With the linear method, up to 115 g/m² in men and up to 95 g/m² in women (ASE/EACVI 2015). Above that is left ventricular hypertrophy, graded mild, moderate or severe.
What is relative wall thickness?
Twice the posterior wall thickness divided by the LV internal diameter in diastole. A value above 0.42 means the walls are thick relative to the cavity, as in concentric remodeling or concentric hypertrophy.
What is the difference between concentric and eccentric hypertrophy?
Both have increased LV mass. In concentric hypertrophy the walls thicken (RWT > 0.42), typically from pressure overload such as hypertension or aortic stenosis; in eccentric hypertrophy the cavity enlarges (RWT ≤ 0.42), typically from volume overload such as regurgitation.
Why does my report give a different LV mass?
Machines may use different BSA formulas (DuBois or Mosteller), 2D area-length or 3D methods, or round the measurements. Small differences in wall thickness change the cubed result noticeably.
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Clinical decision tool for education and for use by trained clinicians alongside clinical judgement — not a diagnosis and not a substitute for medical assessment. Scores and cut-offs come from the cited validation studies and may not apply to every patient; follow local protocols.